ἐπιτιμάω

Matthew 8:26 ἐπετίμησεν He rebuked

“You of little faith,” Jesus replied, “why are you so afraid?” Then He got up and rebuked the winds and the sea, and it was perfectly calm.

Here: He 'rebuked' the winds and sea, addressing them as if they were hostile forces to be put down. The same word is used when Jesus silences demons, and in the Greek Old Testament for God rebuking the sea.

Matthew 12:16 ἐπετίμησεν He warned

warning them not to make Him known.

Matthew 16:22 ἐπιτιμᾶν to rebuke

Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him. “Far be it from You, Lord!” he said. “This shall never happen to You!”

Here: A strong word for a forceful reprimand or a command to stop. Jesus uses it on storms and demons. Here a disciple turns it on his own teacher.

Matthew 17:18 ἐπετίμησεν rebuked

Then Jesus rebuked the demon, and it came out of the boy, and he was healed from that moment.

Matthew 19:13 ἐπετίμησαν rebuked

Then little children were brought to Jesus for Him to place His hands on them and pray for them. And the disciples rebuked those who brought them.

Here: "They rebuked." This means a sharp spoken command to stop, the word used for silencing or shutting something down. It does not imply that a moral fault had been exposed. In plain terms, the disciples told them off and turned them away.

Matthew 20:31 ἐπετίμησεν rebuked

The crowd admonished them to be silent, but they cried out all the louder, “Lord, Son of David, have mercy on us!”

Here: A strong word for a sharp, authoritative telling-off. It is the same verb Matthew uses for Jesus rebuking the wind and demons, and for the disciples rebuking the people who brought children (19:13). The crowd act as gatekeepers.

Mark 1:25 ἐπετίμησεν rebuked

But Jesus rebuked the spirit. “Be silent!” He said. “Come out of him!”

Here: A single act of command (aorist tense) that brings a hostile power under control. This is not a scolding for bad behaviour. Jesus speaks to the spirit as a master would to a rebel. Mark uses the same verb when Jesus 'rebukes' the wind in 4:39.

Mark 3:12 ἐπετίμα He was rebuking

But He warned them sternly not to make Him known.

Here: The same verb Mark uses when Jesus silences a demon (1:25) and calms the storm (4:39). It is a word of authoritative command that shuts hostile power down. The imperfect tense shows repeated action: each time they shouted, he rebuked them.

Mark 4:39 ἐπετίμησεν He rebuked

Then Jesus got up and rebuked the wind and the sea. “Silence!” He commanded. “Be still!” And the wind died down, and it was perfectly calm.

Here: "He rebuked". This is the word Mark uses when Jesus silences demons (1:25; 3:12; 9:25). It echoes the Greek Old Testament, where God "rebukes" the sea. It is a command that overpowers a hostile force, not a scolding.

Mark 8:30 ἐπετίμησεν He warned

And Jesus warned them not to tell anyone about Him.

Mark 8:32 ἐπιτιμᾶν to rebuke

He spoke this message quite frankly, and Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him.

Mark 8:33 ἐπετίμησεν He rebuked

But Jesus, turning and looking at His disciples, rebuked Peter and said, “Get behind Me, Satan! For you do not have in mind the things of God, but the things of men.”

Here: The same verb Peter just used against Jesus (v. 32), now turned back on him. In Mark it is also the word for Jesus silencing demons and the storm, which fits the address 'Satan' that follows.

Mark 9:25 ἐπετίμησεν He rebuked

When Jesus saw that a crowd had come running, He rebuked the unclean spirit. “You deaf and mute spirit,” He said, “I command you to come out and never enter him again.”

Here: In Mark's exorcisms and in the stilling of the storm (1:25; 4:39), this is the word of command that brings a hostile power under control. It is more than a scolding.

Mark 10:13 ἐπετίμησαν rebuked

Now people were bringing the little children to Jesus for Him to place His hands on them, and the disciples rebuked those who brought them.

Here: 'Rebuked.' The tense presents it as a single decisive act. It is a strong word: Mark uses it for Jesus silencing demons and the storm, and for Jesus and Peter rebuking each other. The disciples sharply told the people off.

Mark 10:48 ἐπετίμων were rebuking

Many people admonished him to be silent, but he cried out all the louder, “Son of David, have mercy on me!”

Luke 4:35 ἐπετίμησεν rebuked

But Jesus rebuked the demon. “Be silent!” He said. “Come out of him!” At this, the demon threw the man down before them all and came out without harming him.

Here: A sharp word of command that puts an opponent in its place. Here it is more than a telling-off, because the spirit has to obey it.

Luke 4:39 ἐπετίμησεν He rebuked

and He stood over her and rebuked the fever, and it left her. And she got up at once and began to serve them.

Luke 4:41 ἐπιτιμῶν rebuking [them]

Demons also came out of many people, shouting, “You are the Son of God!” But He rebuked the demons and would not allow them to speak, because they knew He was the Christ.

Here: Jesus' word of power over a hostile force. Luke uses it for the fever (4:39), the demon in the synagogue (4:35) and the storm (8:24). It means more than scolding: it is an authoritative command that silences and masters.

Luke 8:24 ἐπετίμησεν He rebuked

The disciples went and woke Him, saying, “Master, Master, we are perishing!” Then Jesus got up and rebuked the wind and the raging waters, and they subsided, and all was calm.

Here: “He rebuked.” This is more than scolding. It is a word of command that brings a hostile force under control. Luke uses the same verb when Jesus rebukes a demon (4:35), a fever (4:39) and demons (4:41).

Luke 9:21 ἐπιτιμήσας having strictly warned

Jesus strictly warned them not to tell this to anyone.

Luke 9:42 ἐπετίμησεν Rebuked

Even while the boy was approaching, the demon slammed him to the ground in a convulsion. But Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, healed the boy, and gave him back to his father.

Luke 9:55 ἐπετίμησεν He rebuked

But Jesus turned and rebuked them.

Luke 17:3 ἐπιτίμησον do rebuke

Watch yourselves. If your brother sins, rebuke him; and if he repents, forgive him.

Here: An aorist command: actually do it, tell him plainly that what he did was wrong. This is the same strong verb Luke uses when Jesus rebukes demons, fever and storm. A vague hint does not meet it.

Luke 18:15 ἐπετίμων were rebuking

Now people were even bringing their babies to Jesus for Him to place His hands on them. And when the disciples saw this, they rebuked those who brought them.

Here: 'Were rebuking' or 'kept rebuking,' a sharp order to stop. Luke uses the same verb when Jesus rebukes demons, a fever and a storm, and when the crowd tries to silence the blind beggar in 18:39.

Luke 18:39 ἐπετίμων were rebuking

Those who led the way admonished him to be silent, but he cried out all the louder, “Son of David, have mercy on me!”

Luke 19:39 ἐπιτίμησον do rebuke

But some of the Pharisees in the crowd said to Him, “Teacher, rebuke Your disciples!”

Here: A command: "rebuke them," meaning tell them off sharply and make them stop. It assumes a teacher has authority over his followers' behaviour.

Luke 23:40 ἐπιτιμῶν rebuking

But the other one rebuked him, saying, “Do you not even fear God, since you are under the same judgment?

2 Timothy 4:2 ἐπιτίμησον, do rebuke,

Preach the word; be prepared in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and encourage with every form of patient instruction.

Here: A stern verbal rebuke, the kind of word that tells someone to stop. Gospel writers use this verb for Jesus rebuking wind, demons and Peter.

Jude 1:9 ἐπιτιμήσαι Would [that] he rebuke

But even the archangel Michael, when he disputed with the devil over the body of Moses, did not presume to bring a slanderous charge against him, but said, “The Lord rebuke you!”

Here: In the form for a wish or prayer: 'May (the Lord) rebuke you'. It is a request handed up to God, not a command Michael gives on his own authority. The words come from Zechariah 3:2.