Greek word · G4226

ποῦ

pou

where?

An interrogative adverb, 'where?'. In rhetorical use it asks for something the speaker knows is missing, and so declares it gone or powerless.

Appears 47 times in 42 verses of the Greek New Testament. ·

What it means

ποῦ

interrog. adv., [in LXX for אַי, אַיֵּה, אָן ;]

1. prop., where?: Matthew 2:2 26:17, Mark 14:12, 14, Luke 17:17, 37 22:9, 11, John 1:39 7:11 8:10, 19 9:12 11:34; ποῦ (ἐστιν), indicating that the subject in question is not to be found, Luke 8:25, Romans 3:27, 1 Corinthians 1:20 12:17 12:19 15:55, Galatians 4:15, 2 Peter 3:4; ποῦ φανεῖται, 1 Peter 4:18.

2. = ὅπου (WM, 640; B1., § 50, 5): with indic., Matthew 2:4, Mark 15:47, John 1:40 11:57 20:2, 13 20:15 Revelation 2:13; with subjc., Matthew 8:20, Luke 9:58 12:17.

3. In colloq. (as in Eng.) = ποῖ, whither: in direct questions, John 7:35 9:12 13:36 16:5; in indir. quest., John 3:8 8:14 12:35 14:5, Hebrews 11:8, 1 John 2:11.†

(AS)

From G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of 1 Corinthians 15:55

Range of meaning

An interrogative adverb, 'where?'. In rhetorical use it asks for something the speaker knows is missing, and so declares it gone or powerless.

Against the English

Accurate in English. Paul leaves out the verb ('is'), and that makes the Greek terse and chant-like.

Used elsewhere in the period

Biblical taunts using 'where': Deuteronomy 32:37 ('Where are their gods?'), Isaiah 36:19, Psalm 42:3 ('Where is your God?', spoken by enemies against the psalmist), and 1 Corinthians 1:20 ('Where is the wise man?'). In Hosea 13:14 the Hebrew ʾehî is usually taken as an old form of 'where?'. Some read it as 'I will be', and the LXX renders it ποῦ.

From the study of John 8:19

Range of meaning

A question about place: "where?" In John it belongs to a group of questions about location and origin, "where?" (ποῦ) and "from where?" (πόθεν), that run through the whole Gospel.

Against the English

English "where" is accurate. What English readers miss is the courtroom setting. After Jesus names the Father as his second witness, "where is he?" means "bring him here".

Used elsewhere in the period

In Jewish legal procedure a witness had to appear and could be questioned (Deut 19:15–18). John builds the "where" theme in deliberately: "we know where this man is from" (7:27); "where I am going you cannot come" (7:34–36); "I know where I came from and where I am going, but you do not know" (8:14). The same "where/from where" question returns at the trial: "Where are you from?" (19:9).

From the study of Luke 17:17

Range of meaning

Interrogative adverb, 'where?' It is used for direct and indirect questions about place, and sometimes as a rhetorical lament or rebuke ('where is…?').

Against the English

English versions supply a verb ('where are…') and often 'then' or 'other' (BSB, NIV). The Greek is clipped: 'the nine, where?' YLT and NASB come closest to the abrupt shape.

Used elsewhere in the period

Rhetorical 'where?' questions are common in the LXX prophets and Psalms ('Where is their God?' Ps 79:10; 'Where is the LORD?' Jer 2:6, 8), often naming an absence that ought not to be.

Where it appears

Matthew · 4
  1. Matthew 2:2 ποῦ Where

    asking, “Where is the One who has been born King of the Jews? We saw His star in the east and have come to worship Him.”

    Here: A plain question of place. They know he has been born, but not where. They have come to the capital, which is the obvious place to look for a royal child.

  2. Matthew 2:4 ποῦ where

    And when he had assembled all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he asked them where the Christ was to be born.

    Here: Introduces an indirect question. Herod asks about the place, not the time. He gets the time from the magi privately in verse 7.

  3. Matthew 8:20 ποῦ [place] where

    Jesus replied, “Foxes have dens and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay His head.”

    Here: Introduces an indirect question: he has no 'where'. Even the question of where to sleep tonight has no settled answer. KJV's 'hath not where' keeps the Greek shape.

  4. Matthew 26:17 ποῦ Where

    On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Where do You want us to prepare for You to eat the Passover?”

Mark · 3
  1. Mark 14:12 ποῦ Where

    On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, when the Passover lamb was to be sacrificed, Jesus’ disciples asked Him, “Where do You want us to prepare for You to eat the Passover?”

  2. Mark 14:14 ποῦ Where

    and whichever house he enters, say to the owner, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is My guest room, where I may eat the Passover with My disciples?’

  3. Mark 15:47 ποῦ where

    Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joseph saw where His body was placed.

    Here: Introduces what they watched for: the exact location. The question of 'where' sets up 16:6, where the young man says, 'See the place where they laid him.'

Luke · 7
  1. Luke 8:25 ποῦ Where

    “Where is your faith?” He asked. Frightened and amazed, they asked one another, “Who is this? He commands even the winds and the water, and they obey Him!”

    Here: A question about place: where has your trust gone? It assumes they have faith but that it was missing when it counted, which is softer than Mark's "Do you still have no faith?"

  2. Luke 9:58 ποῦ where

    Jesus replied, “Foxes have dens and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay His head.”

  3. Luke 12:17 ποῦ where

    So he thought to himself, ‘What shall I do, since I have nowhere to store my crops?’

    Here: 'Where' to put it. The only option his reasoning sees is storage. The same 'have nowhere' wording appears in 9:58, where the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.

  4. Luke 17:17 ποῦ; are where?

    “Were not all ten cleansed?” Jesus asked. “Where then are the other nine?

    Here: The last word, with no verb: literally 'the nine, where?' The bare ending gives the question its force. Jesus points at the empty space around the one man who came back.

  5. Luke 17:37 ποῦ, Where,

    “Where, Lord?” they asked. Jesus answered, “Wherever there is a carcass, there the vultures will gather.”

  6. Luke 22:9 ποῦ Where

    “Where do You want us to prepare it?” they asked.

  7. Luke 22:11 ποῦ Where

    and say to the owner of that house, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with My disciples?’

John · 18
  1. John 1:38 ποῦ where

    Jesus turned and saw them following. “What do you want?” He asked. They said to Him, “Rabbi” (which means Teacher), “where are You staying?”

    Here: Asks about place. In John, the question of where Jesus is from and where he is going is a running theme (7:27; 8:14; 14:5).

  2. John 1:39 ποῦ where

    “Come and see,” He replied. So they went and saw where He was staying, and spent that day with Him. It was about the tenth hour.

    Here: Repeats their own question from 1:38 ("where are you staying?"). The story answers it directly.

  3. John 3:8 ποῦ where

    The wind blows where it wishes. You hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it is going. So it is with everyone born of the Spirit.”

    Here: "Where (to)". It asks about the destination.

  4. John 7:11 ποῦ Where

    So the Jews were looking for Him at the feast and asking, “Where is He?”

    Here: An ordinary question about location. In John, though, 'where' Jesus is, comes from and goes to is a running theme (7:27, 34–35; 8:14, 19). The questioners ask more than they realise.

  5. John 7:35 ποῦ Where

    At this, the Jews said to one another, “Where does He intend to go that we will not find Him? Will He go where the Jews are dispersed among the Greeks, and teach the Greeks?

    Here: A question word about place. They take Jesus' 'going' as travel to a place on the map. He meant his return to God.

  6. John 8:14 ποῦ ποῦ where

    Jesus replied, “Even if I testify about Myself, My testimony is valid, because I know where I came from and where I am going. But you do not know where I came from or where I am going.

    Here: Destination. In the following verses (8:21–22) it is the place they cannot follow him to.

  7. John 8:19 ποῦ Where

    “Where is Your Father?” they asked Him. “You do not know Me or My Father,” Jesus answered. “If you knew Me, you would know My Father as well.”

    Here: A question about location. In a courtroom setting it amounts to: produce your witness. It also echoes John's running theme of where Jesus comes from and where he is going (7:27–28; 8:14).

  8. John 9:12 ποῦ Where

    “Where is He?” they asked. “I do not know,” he answered.

  9. John 11:34 ποῦ Where

    “Where have you put him?” He asked. “Come and see, Lord,” they answered.

  10. John 11:57 ποῦ where

    But the chief priests and Pharisees had given orders that anyone who knew where He was must report it, so that they could arrest Him.

    Here: 'Where he is.' The authorities do not know where Jesus is, because he had withdrawn to Ephraim (11:54).

  11. John 12:35 ποῦ where

    Then Jesus told them, “For a little while longer, the Light will be among you. Walk while you have the Light, so that darkness will not overtake you. The one who walks in the darkness does not know where he is going.

    Here: 'Where', the destination.

  12. John 13:36 ποῦ where

    “Lord, where are You going?” Simon Peter asked. Jesus answered, “Where I am going, you cannot follow Me now, but you will follow later.”

    Here: A direct question about place. Peter takes Jesus' 'where I am going' (13:33) as a place on a map.

  13. John 14:5 ποῦ where

    “Lord,” said Thomas, “we do not know where You are going, so how can we know the way?”

    Here: An indirect question about a place. Thomas wants a destination, the same question Peter asked in 13:36 ('Lord, where are you going?').

  14. John 16:5 ποῦ Where

    Now, however, I am going to Him who sent Me; yet none of you asks Me, ‘Where are You going?’

    Here: A question word about place or destination. It introduces the question Jesus says no one is asking.

  15. John 20:2 ποῦ where

    So she came running to Simon Peter and the other disciple, the one whom Jesus loved. “They have taken the Lord out of the tomb,” she said, “and we do not know where they have put Him!”

    Here: 'Where.' John's Gospel keeps returning to where Jesus is and where he goes (1:38–39; 7:34–36; 14:2–5). Mary's 'where' fits that theme at a human level.

  16. John 20:13 ποῦ where

    “Woman, why are you weeping?” they asked. “Because they have taken my Lord away,” she said, “and I do not know where they have put Him.”

    Here: 'Where'. Location is the theme of this whole scene. John 20 keeps returning to 'where he is', and Jesus himself asked 'Where have you laid him?' at Lazarus's tomb (11:34).

  17. John 20:15 ποῦ where

    “Woman, why are you weeping?” Jesus asked. “Whom are you seeking?” Thinking He was the gardener, she said, “Sir, if you have carried Him off, tell me where you have put Him, and I will get Him.”

    Here: 'Where?', the question she has asked all morning: 'we do not know where they have laid him' (20:2, 13).

Romans · 1
  1. Romans 3:27 Ποῦ Where

    Where, then, is boasting? It is excluded. On what principle? On that of works? No, but on that of faith.

    Here: A rhetorical 'where?' that expects the answer 'nowhere'. It works like a challenge: show me where boasting has any place now.

1 Corinthians · 8
  1. 1 Corinthians 1:20 ποῦ ποῦ ποῦ Where [is the], Where [the]

    Where is the wise man? Where is the scribe? Where is the philosopher of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world?

    Here: An interrogative of place used as a taunt: 'Where is he now?' This repeated 'where?' is how Isaiah mocks powers that have disappeared (Isa 19:12; 33:18). It means they are nowhere to be found, not that someone should go and look for them.

  2. 1 Corinthians 12:17 ποῦ ποῦ where

    If the whole body were an eye, where would the sense of hearing be? If the whole body were an ear, where would the sense of smell be?

  3. 1 Corinthians 12:19 ποῦ where

    If they were all one part, where would the body be?

  4. 1 Corinthians 15:55 ποῦ ποῦ Where

    “Where, O Death, is your victory? Where, O Death, is your sting?”

    Here: A question asking where something is. Here it is a taunt: the speaker knows the thing is gone and dares Death to show it. It echoes biblical mockery such as 'Where are their gods?' (Deut 32:37).

Galatians · 1
  1. Galatians 4:15 Ποῦ Where

    What then has become of your blessing? For I can testify that, if it were possible, you would have torn out your eyes and given them to me.

Hebrews · 1
  1. Hebrews 11:8 ποῦ where

    By faith Abraham, when called to go to a place he would later receive as his inheritance, obeyed and went, without knowing where he was going.

    Here: Introduces an indirect question: 'where.'

1 Peter · 1
  1. 1 Peter 4:18 ποῦ where

    And, “If it is hard for the righteous to be saved, what will become of the ungodly and the sinner?”

    Here: A question that expects no answer. Such a person has nowhere to stand.

2 Peter · 1
  1. 2 Peter 3:4 ποῦ Where

    “Where is the promise of His coming?” they will ask. “Ever since our fathers fell asleep, everything continues as it has from the beginning of creation.”

    Here: Opens a mocking question. It is not a real request for information: “Where is it?” means “It doesn’t exist.” This is the old taunt of the godless in Israel’s Scriptures (“Where is your God?”).

1 John · 1
  1. 1 John 2:11 ποῦ where

    But whoever hates his brother is in the darkness and walks in the darkness. He does not know where he is going, because the darkness has blinded his eyes.

    Here: Introduces an indirect question: where he is heading.

Revelation · 1
  1. Revelation 2:13 ποῦ where

    I know where you live, where the throne of Satan sits, yet you hold fast to My name. You did not deny your faith in Me, even in the days of My faithful witness Antipas, who was killed among you where Satan dwells.

    Here: Here it introduces an indirect question: 'I know where you live.' The emphasis falls on the place, the city itself, and not on the church's works as in the other letters.

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.