Greek word · G5376

Φίλιππος

philippos

Philip

A Greek personal name, "fond of horses". It was royal in Macedon (Philip II, father of Alexander), and popular among Hellenized Jews and the Herodian family. Herod Philip the tetrarch ruled the territory that included Bethsaida.

Appears 36 times in 35 verses of the Greek New Testament. ·

What it means

φίλιππος, -ου, ὁ

Philip;

1. the husband of Herodias: Matthew 14:3, Mark 6:17.

2. The tetrarch: Matthew 16:13, Mark 8:27, Luke 3:1.

3. The apostle: Matthew 10:3, Mark 3:18, Luke 6:14, John 1:44-49 6:5, 7 12:21-22 14:8-9, Acts 1:13.

4. The deacon and evangelist: Acts 6:5 8:5-40 21:8.†

(AS)

From G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of John 12:21

Range of meaning

A Greek personal name, "fond of horses". It was royal in Macedon (Philip II, father of Alexander), and popular among Hellenized Jews and the Herodian family. Herod Philip the tetrarch ruled the territory that included Bethsaida.

Against the English

English "Philip" carries none of the Greek, Hellenistic ring the name would have had for a first-century reader.

Used elsewhere in the period

Josephus (Antiquities 18.28) says Philip the tetrarch raised Bethsaida to the status of a city and renamed it Julias. In John, Philip appears at 1:43–48, 6:5–7, 12:21–22 and 14:8–9. Andrew, who also has a Greek name, is paired with him here and at 6:5–9.

From the study of John 1:44

Range of meaning

A Greek name, 'fond of horses'. It became common in the Greek-speaking world after Philip II of Macedon, Alexander's father. It was used by Jews too, and in this region it was the name of the ruler himself: Herod Philip, tetrarch of the territory east and north of the lake (4 BC–AD 34).

Against the English

In English 'Philip' sounds like an ordinary Christian name. It does not show that, to a first-century ear, it was plainly Greek. Andrew is a Greek name too.

Used elsewhere in the period

Josephus records Philip the tetrarch as the one who rebuilt Bethsaida-Julias. Philip, Andrew and Simon also appear in the Synoptic lists of the Twelve (Mark 3:16–18).

Similar words

Where it appears

Matthew · 3
  1. Matthew 10:3 Φίλιππος Philip

    Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus;

    Here: A fully Greek name meaning "horse-lover," made famous by Philip II of Macedon. It shows that a Jewish family from Bethsaida (John 1:44) used Greek names, which was normal in the mixed culture around the Sea of Galilee.

  2. Matthew 14:3 Φιλίππου of Philip

    Now Herod had arrested John and bound him and put him in prison on account of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife,

    Here: 'Of Philip', her first husband. Josephus calls him simply 'Herod', the son of Herod the Great by Mariamne II. This person is not Philip the tetrarch, who married Herodias' daughter Salome. See debates.

  3. Matthew 16:13 Φιλίππου Philippi

    When Jesus came to the region of Caesarea Philippi, He questioned His disciples: “Who do people say the Son of Man is?”

    Here: Philip the tetrarch, the son of Herod the Great who rebuilt and renamed the city. It means "of Philip". It is not the Greek city Philippi.

Mark · 3
  1. Mark 3:18 Φίλιππον Philip

    Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot,

    Here: A Greek name meaning 'horse-lover'. It was made famous by Philip of Macedon and was popular in the region because of Herod Philip, who ruled the territory around Bethsaida. This apostle also came from Bethsaida (John 1:44).

  2. Mark 6:17 Φιλίππου of Philip

    For Herod himself had ordered that John be arrested and bound and imprisoned, on account of his brother Philip’s wife Herodias, whom Herod had married.

  3. Mark 8:27 Φιλίππου. Philippi.

    Then Jesus and His disciples went on to the villages around Caesarea Philippi. On the way, He questioned His disciples: “Who do people say I am?”

Luke · 2
  1. Luke 3:1 Φιλίππου Philip

    In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, while Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, Herod tetrarch of Galilee, his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene,

    Here: Herod Philip, another son of Herod the Great by a different mother. He ruled the mostly non-Jewish territories northeast of the Sea of Galilee from 4 BC to AD 33/34.

  2. Luke 6:14 Φίλιππον Philip

    Simon, whom He named Peter, and his brother Andrew; James and John; Philip and Bartholomew;

    Here: A Greek name, 'lover of horses', made famous by the Macedonian kings. A Herodian ruler of the day also carried it (Philip the tetrarch). Philip comes fifth, at the head of the second group of four, in every New Testament list of the Twelve.

John · 12
  1. John 1:43 Φίλιππον Philip

    The next day Jesus decided to set out for Galilee. Finding Philip, He told him, “Follow Me.”

    Here: Philip is a Greek name ("lover of horses") carried by a Jewish man from Bethsaida (1:44). It is not the same Philip as the evangelist of Acts 6 and 8.

  2. John 1:44 Φίλιππος Philip

    Now Philip was from Bethsaida, the same town as Andrew and Peter.

    Here: A fully Greek name ('lover of horses'), made famous by Philip II of Macedon and popular across the Greek-speaking East, including among Jews. It was also the name of the local ruler, Herod Philip the tetrarch.

  3. John 1:45 Φίλιππος Philip

    Philip found Nathanael and told him, “We have found the One Moses wrote about in the Law, the One the prophets foretold—Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.”

    Here: A Greek name ('lover of horses'), common among Jews of the region, where the ruler was Herod's son Philip the tetrarch. Philip has just been found and called by Jesus himself (1:43).

  4. John 1:46 Φίλιππος· Philip;

    “Can anything good come from Nazareth?” Nathanael asked. “Come and see,” said Philip.

    Here: A Greek name, though Philip was a Jew from Bethsaida (1:44). He has just been called by Jesus himself (1:43).

  5. John 1:48 Φίλιππον Philip

    “How do You know me?” Nathanael asked. Jesus replied, “Before Philip called you, I saw you under the fig tree.”

    Here: In Greek the accusative is used for the one doing the action of an infinitive, so this is 'Philip' as the one who calls. Philip, from Bethsaida, had found Nathanael and told him about Jesus (v. 45).

  6. John 6:5 Φίλιππον· Philip;

    When Jesus looked up and saw a large crowd coming toward Him, He said to Philip, “Where can we buy bread for these people to eat?”

    Here: The disciple from Bethsaida (John 1:44), a town near where Luke places this feeding (Luke 9:10). He is singled out for the question.

  7. John 6:7 Φίλιππος· Philip;

    Philip answered, “Two hundred denarii would not buy enough bread for each of them to have a small piece.”

  8. John 12:21 Φιλίππῳ to Philip

    They came to Philip, who was from Bethsaida in Galilee, and requested of him, “Sir, we want to see Jesus.”

    Here: The disciple Philip, a Jew with a fully Greek name ("lover of horses"). A Greek name and a hometown on the edge of Gentile territory may explain why Greek strangers went to him first.

  9. John 12:22 Φίλιππος Φίλιππος Philip

    Philip relayed this appeal to Andrew, and both of them went and told Jesus.

  10. John 14:8 Φίλιππος· Philip;

    Philip said to Him, “Lord, show us the Father, and that will be enough for us.”

    Here: Philip of Bethsaida (John 1:44), one of the Twelve. His name is Greek ("lover of horses"). In John he speaks in several scenes (1:43–46; 6:5–7; 12:21–22), and he always has something to do with seeing or with what is "enough".

  11. John 14:9 Φίλιππε; Philip?

    Jesus replied, “Philip, I have been with you all this time, and still you do not know Me? Anyone who has seen Me has seen the Father. How can you say, ‘Show us the Father’?

    Here: Jesus addresses him by name. Philip was one of the very first disciples called (1:43) and the one who told Nathanael, 'Come and see' (1:46). That makes the rebuke personal and a little ironic.

Acts · 16
  1. Acts 1:13 Φίλιππος Philip

    When they arrived, they went to the upper room where they were staying: Peter and John, James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas son of James.

    Here: A Greek name ('fond of horses'), common among Jews in bilingual Galilee. He is the apostle from Bethsaida, not Philip the evangelist of Acts 6 and 8.

  2. Acts 6:5 Φίλιππον Philip

    This proposal pleased the whole group. They chose Stephen, a man full of faith and of the Holy Spirit, as well as Philip, Prochorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicolas from Antioch, a convert to Judaism.

    Here: A Greek name, 'horse-lover'. He is not the apostle Philip. This is the Philip who later preaches in Samaria and to the Ethiopian official (Acts 8), and who is called 'the evangelist, one of the Seven' (21:8).

  3. Acts 8:5 Φίλιππος Philip

    Philip went down to a city in Samaria and proclaimed the Christ to them.

    Here: A Greek name ("lover of horses"). This is Philip of the Seven, the Greek-speaking Jewish believers appointed in Acts 6:5 to oversee the food distribution. He is not the apostle Philip: Acts 8:1 says the apostles stayed in Jerusalem. He is later called "Philip the evangelist" (Acts 21:8).

  4. Acts 8:6 Φιλίππου Philip

    The crowds all paid close attention to Philip’s message and to the signs they saw him perform.

  5. Acts 8:12 Φιλίππῳ Philip

    But when they believed Philip as he preached the gospel of the kingdom of God and the name of Jesus Christ, they were baptized, both men and women.

    Here: Philip, one of the Seven (Acts 6:5), a Greek-speaking Jewish believer scattered by the persecution after Stephen's death (8:1, 4). He is not the apostle Philip. The dative case makes him the one believed: they trusted him and his message.

  6. Acts 8:13 Φιλίππῳ, with Philip,

    Even Simon himself believed and was baptized. He followed Philip closely and was astounded by the great signs and miracles he observed.

  7. Acts 8:26 Φίλιππον Philip

    Now an angel of the Lord said to Philip, “Get up and go south to the desert road that goes down from Jerusalem to Gaza.”

    Here: Philip, one of the Seven chosen to oversee the food distribution (Acts 6:5), later called 'the evangelist' (21:8). He is not the apostle Philip. He has just been preaching in Samaria.

  8. Acts 8:29 Φιλίππῳ· to Philip;

    The Spirit said to Philip, “Go over to that chariot and stay by it.”

  9. Acts 8:30 Φίλιππος Philip

    So Philip ran up and heard the man reading Isaiah the prophet. “Do you understand what you are reading?” Philip asked.

  10. Acts 8:31 Φίλιππον Philip

    “How can I,” he said, “unless someone guides me?” And he invited Philip to come up and sit with him.

    Here: Philip 'the evangelist', one of the Seven chosen in Acts 6:5 (see 21:8), a Greek-speaking Jewish believer. This is not Philip the apostle.

  11. Acts 8:34 Φιλίππῳ to Philip

    “Tell me,” said the eunuch, “who is the prophet talking about, himself or someone else?”

  12. Acts 8:35 Φίλιππος Philip

    Then Philip began with this very Scripture and told him the good news about Jesus.

    Here: Philip, one of the Seven appointed in Acts 6:5. He is a Greek-speaking Jewish believer, not the apostle Philip, and he has just been preaching in Samaria (8:5–13).

  13. Acts 8:38 Φίλιππος Philip

    And he gave orders to stop the chariot. Then both Philip and the eunuch went down into the water, and Philip baptized him.

    Here: Philip the evangelist, one of the Seven chosen in Acts 6:5. He is not the apostle Philip. He had just preached in Samaria.

  14. Acts 8:39 Φίλιππον, Philip,

    When they came up out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord carried Philip away, and the eunuch saw him no more, but went on his way rejoicing.

    Here: Philip of the Seven (Acts 6:5), later called 'the evangelist' (21:8). This is not Philip the apostle.

  15. Acts 8:40 Φίλιππος Philip

    But Philip appeared at Azotus and traveled through that region, preaching the gospel in all the towns until he came to Caesarea.

    Here: Philip of the Seven (Acts 6:5), a Greek-speaking Jewish believer, not Philip the apostle. Later Acts calls him "Philip the evangelist" and places his home at Caesarea (21:8). The name is Greek and means "horse-lover."

  16. Acts 21:8 Φιλίππου of Philip

    Leaving the next day, we went on to Caesarea and stayed at the home of Philip the evangelist, who was one of the Seven.

    Here: A common Greek name ('horse-lover'). This is not Philip of the Twelve but the Philip of Acts 6 and 8.

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.