קוּם

Ezra 5:2 קָ֠מוּ they arose

Then Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel and Jeshua son of Jozadak rose up and began to rebuild the house of God in Jerusalem. And the prophets of God were with them, helping them.

Here: "They arose." Not mainly a change of posture: it marks the moment of getting up to act, much like English "they rose to the occasion" or "they set to it." After years of the work standing still (4:24), someone finally moved.

Ezra 6:18 וַהֲקִ֨ימוּ and they appointed

They also appointed the priests by their divisions and the Levites by their groups to the service of God in Jerusalem, according to what is written in the Book of Moses.

Daniel 2:21 וּמְהָקֵ֣ים and [he is] setting up

He changes the times and seasons; He removes kings and establishes them. He gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to the discerning.

Here: "And makes stand": sets up, installs. The same verb is used when Nebuchadnezzar "sets up" his golden statue (3:1–7) and when "the God of heaven will set up a kingdom" that never ends (2:44). God is the one who really sets things up.

Daniel 2:31 קָאֵ֣ם [was] standing

As you, O king, were watching, a great statue appeared. A great and dazzling statue stood before you, and its form was awesome.

Daniel 2:39 תְּק֛וּם it will arise

But after you, there will arise another kingdom, inferior to yours. Next, a third kingdom, one of bronze, will rule the whole earth.

Daniel 2:44 יְקִים֩ תְּק֥וּם he will set up, it will endure

In the days of those kings, the God of heaven will set up a kingdom that will never be destroyed, nor will it be left to another people. It will shatter all these kingdoms and bring them to an end, but will itself stand forever.

Here: "Will raise up / set up." It is a causative form of 'stand/arise.' Daniel uses the same verb for God 'setting up kings' (2:21) and for Nebuchadnezzar 'setting up' his golden statue (ch. 3). Here God is the one doing the setting up.

Daniel 3:1 אֲקִימֵהּ֙ he set up it

King Nebuchadnezzar made a golden statue sixty cubits high and six cubits wide, and he set it up on the plain of Dura in the province of Babylon.

Here: 'He set it up', literally 'he caused it to stand'. This verb is the chapter's refrain: 'the image that Nebuchadnezzar the king set up' recurs again and again. It echoes 2:21 and 2:44, where it is God who 'sets up' kings and will 'set up' a kingdom that never ends.

Daniel 3:2 הֲקֵ֖ים he had set up

Then King Nebuchadnezzar sent word to assemble the satraps, prefects, governors, advisers, treasurers, judges, magistrates, and all the other officials of the provinces to attend the dedication of the statue he had set up.

Daniel 3:3 הֲקֵ֖ים וְקָֽיְמִין֙ הֲקֵ֖ים he had set up, and [they were] standing

So the satraps, prefects, governors, advisers, treasurers, judges, magistrates, and all the rulers of the provinces assembled for the dedication of the statue that King Nebuchadnezzar had set up, and they stood before it.

Daniel 3:5 הֲקֵ֖ים he has set up

As soon as you hear the sound of the horn, flute, zither, lyre, harp, pipes, and all kinds of music, you must fall down and worship the golden statue that King Nebuchadnezzar has set up.

Daniel 3:7 הֲקֵ֖ים he had set up

Therefore, as soon as all the people heard the sound of the horn, flute, zither, lyre, harp, and all kinds of music, the people of every nation and language would fall down and worship the golden statue that King Nebuchadnezzar had set up.

Daniel 3:12 הֲקֵ֖ימְתָּ you have set up

But there are some Jews you have appointed to manage the province of Babylon—Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego—who have ignored you, O king, and have refused to serve your gods or worship the golden statue you have set up.”

Here: 'You have set up.' The phrase recurs through ch. 3 (vv. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 12, 14, 18) and keeps reminding the reader that this object is the king's own making. Daniel 2:44 used the same verb: the God of heaven 'will set up' a kingdom that never falls.

Daniel 3:14 הֲקֵ֖ימֶת I have set up

and Nebuchadnezzar said to them, “Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, is it true that you do not serve my gods or worship the golden statue I have set up?

Here: "I have set up" (causative of "stand"). Chapter 3 repeats "the image that Nebuchadnezzar set up" about ten times. The repetition stresses the king's ownership and pride, and it contrasts with 2:21 and 2:44, where it is God who "sets up" kings and a kingdom.

Daniel 3:18 הֲקֵ֖ימְתָּ you have set up

But even if He does not, let it be known to you, O king, that we will not serve your gods or worship the golden statue you have set up.”

Here: "You set up / erected". The phrase "the image that the king set up" is repeated again and again in the chapter. Here it is turned on the king: "the image *you* set up", which marks it as his own work.

Daniel 3:24 וְקָ֣ם and he arose

Suddenly King Nebuchadnezzar jumped up in amazement and asked his advisers, “Did we not throw three men, firmly bound, into the fire?” “Certainly, O king,” they replied.

Daniel 4:17 יְקִ֥ים he will set up

This decision is the decree of the watchers, the verdict declared by the holy ones, so that the living will know that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes, setting over it the lowliest of men.’

Here: "He sets up": he makes someone stand in office. This is the same verb used ten times in chapter 3 for Nebuchadnezzar 'setting up' his golden statue, and in 2:21 for God who 'sets up kings'. The king who set up an idol is himself someone God sets up.

Daniel 5:11 הֲקִימֵ֖הּ he appointed him

There is a man in your kingdom who has the spirit of the holy gods in him. In the days of your father he was found to have insight, intelligence, and wisdom like that of the gods. Your father, King Nebuchadnezzar, appointed him chief of the magicians, enchanters, astrologers, and diviners. Your own father, the king,

Here: 'Established him' or 'installed him' in office: a formal royal appointment, which made Daniel's rank official.

Daniel 5:21 יְהָקֵ֥ים he will appoint

He was driven away from mankind, and his mind was like that of a beast. He lived with the wild donkeys and ate grass like an ox, and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven until he acknowledged that the Most High God rules over the kingdom of mankind, setting over it whom He wishes.

Here: 'He causes to stand, sets up', the language of installing a king. It echoes 2:21, 'he removes kings and sets up kings'. The form expresses his habitual way of acting.

Daniel 6:1 וַהֲקִים֙ and he appointed

Now it pleased Darius to appoint 120 satraps to rule throughout the kingdom,

Daniel 6:3 לַהֲקָמוּתֵ֖הּ to appoint him

Soon, by his extraordinary spirit, Daniel distinguished himself among the administrators and satraps. So the king planned to set him over the whole kingdom.

Here: 'To make him stand / to appoint him': the causative form of 'stand, rise'. Verse 1 uses the same verb for the king 'setting up' the satraps, so Daniel would be installed as the king had installed the others, but over all of them.

Daniel 6:7 לְקַיָּמָ֤ה to establish

All the royal administrators, prefects, satraps, advisers, and governors have agreed that the king should establish an ordinance and enforce a decree that for thirty days anyone who petitions any god or man except you, O king, will be thrown into the den of lions.

Here: 'To make stand, to establish.' It shares its root with the next word, giving a wordplay: 'to establish an establishment.' The sound itself stresses permanence.

Daniel 6:8 תְּקִ֥ים you will establish

Therefore, O king, establish the decree and sign the document so that it cannot be changed—in accordance with the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be repealed.”

Here: 'Make it stand', 'set it up' as legally in force. The form is a plain future, used as a polite but pointed request ('may you establish'). It picks up v. 7, where the officials asked the king 'to establish a statute', using two words from this same root.

Daniel 6:15 יְהָקֵ֖ים he will establish

Then the men approached the king together and said to him, “Remember, O king, that by the law of the Medes and Persians no decree or ordinance established by the king can be changed.”

Here: "Establishes" (literally "causes to stand"). The form refers to any decree the king makes. It echoes the officials' earlier request in v. 7, which used the same root ("to establish a statute").

Daniel 6:19 יְק֣וּם he arose

At the first light of dawn, the king got up and hurried to the den of lions.

Daniel 7:4 הֳקִימַ֔ת it was made to stand

The first beast was like a lion, and it had the wings of an eagle. I watched until its wings were torn off and it was lifted up from the ground and made to stand on two feet like a man and given the mind of a man.

Here: "It was made to stand": a passive of the causative form. The beast does not stand up by itself. Someone else sets it upright.

Daniel 7:5 הֳקִמַ֔ת ק֥וּמִֽי it was raised, arise

Suddenly another beast appeared, which looked like a bear. It was raised up on one of its sides, and it had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. So it was told, ‘Get up and gorge yourself on flesh!’

Daniel 7:10 יְקוּמ֑וּן they were standing

A river of fire was flowing, coming out from His presence. Thousands upon thousands attended Him, and myriads upon myriads stood before Him. The court was convened, and the books were opened.

Here: 'They were standing.' At a royal court the king sits and his servants stand. Standing is the posture of attendants ready for orders.

Daniel 7:16 קָ֣אֲמַיָּ֔א [ones] standing the

I approached one of those who were standing there, and I asked him the true meaning of all this. So he told me the interpretation of these things:

Here: "The ones standing," a participle with the definite article. It points back to verse 10, where "ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him" (same verb). These are the courtiers of the Ancient of Days. To "stand before" a king was the posture of his servants and officials.

Daniel 7:17 יְקוּמ֥וּן they will arise

‘These four great beasts are four kings who will arise from the earth.

Daniel 7:24 יְקֻמ֑וּן יְק֣וּם they will arise, he will arise

And the ten horns are ten kings who will rise from this kingdom. After them another king, different from the earlier ones, will rise and subdue three kings.