יְדַע

Ezra 4:12 יְדִ֙יעַ֙ known

Let it be known to the king that the Jews who came from you to us have returned to Jerusalem and are rebuilding that rebellious and wicked city. They are restoring its walls and repairing its foundations.

Ezra 4:13 יְדִ֙יעַ֙ known

Let it now be known to the king that if that city is rebuilt and its walls are restored, they will not pay tribute, duty, or toll, and the royal treasury will suffer.

Here: Passive participle, 'known'. With the next word it forms the fixed office formula 'be it known to the king', repeated word for word from v. 12 to stress the warning.

Ezra 4:14 וְהוֹדַ֥עְנָא and we have made known

Now because we are in the service of the palace and it is not fitting for us to allow the king to be dishonored, we have sent to inform the king

Ezra 4:15 וְתִנְדַּע֒ so you may know

that a search should be made of the record books of your fathers. In these books you will discover and verify that the city is a rebellious city, harmful to kings and provinces, inciting sedition from ancient times. That is why this city was destroyed.

Ezra 4:16 מְהוֹדְעִ֤ין [are] making known

We advise the king that if this city is rebuilt and its walls are restored, you will have no dominion west of the Euphrates.

Ezra 5:8 יְדִ֣יעַ׀ known

Let it be known to the king that we went into the province of Judah, to the house of the great God. The people are rebuilding it with large stones and placing timbers in the walls. This work is being carried out diligently and is prospering in their hands.

Here: A passive participle: 'known, made known'. It opens the standard formula of Persian-era official reports to a superior: 'Let it be known to the king…'.

Ezra 5:10 לְהוֹדָעוּתָ֑ךְ to make known to you

We also asked for their names, so that we could write down the names of their leaders for your information.

Ezra 7:24 מְהוֹדְעִ֗ין [we are] making known

And be advised that you have no authority to impose tribute, duty, or toll on any of the priests, Levites, singers, doorkeepers, temple servants, or other servants of this house of God.

Ezra 7:25 יָדְעֵ֖י יָדַ֖ע תְּהוֹדְעֽוּן׃ [those who] know, [he is] knowing, you will instruct

And you, Ezra, according to the wisdom of your God, which you possess, are to appoint magistrates and judges to judge all the people west of the Euphrates—all who know the laws of your God. And you are to teach these laws to anyone who does not know them.

Here: 'Knowers of,' meaning people who recognise and live by these laws as their own: the Jewish communities of the province, not just people who happen to have information.

Daniel 2:5 תְהֽוֹדְעוּנַּ֙נִי֙ you will make known to me

The king replied to the astrologers, “My word is final: If you do not tell me the dream and its interpretation, you will be cut into pieces and your houses will be reduced to rubble.

Daniel 2:8 יָדַ֣ע [am] knowing

The king replied, “I know for sure that you are stalling for time because you see that my word is final.

Daniel 2:9 תְהֽוֹדְעֻנַּ֜נִי וְֽאִנְדַּ֕ע you will make known to me, so I may know

If you do not tell me the dream, there is only one decree for you. You have conspired to speak before me false and fraudulent words, hoping the situation will change. Therefore tell me the dream, and I will know that you can give me its interpretation.”

Daniel 2:15 הוֹדַ֥ע he made known

“Why is the decree from the king so harsh?” he asked. Then Arioch explained the situation to Daniel.

Daniel 2:17 הוֹדַֽע׃ he made known

Then Daniel returned to his house and explained the matter to his friends Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah,

Daniel 2:21 לְיָדְעֵ֥י to ones knowing

He changes the times and seasons; He removes kings and establishes them. He gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to the discerning.

Here: "To the knowers of": people who already know, the ones whose character is to understand. It matches "to wise ones" in the line before.

Daniel 2:22 יָדַע֙ [he is] knowing

He reveals the deep and hidden things; He knows what lies in darkness, and light dwells with Him.

Here: A participle again: '(he is) knowing'. God's knowledge of what lies in the dark is a constant fact, not something he finds out when asked.

Daniel 2:23 הֽוֹדַעְתַּ֙נִי֙ הוֹדַעְתֶּֽנָא׃ you have made known to me, you made known to us

To You, O God of my fathers, I give thanks and praise, because You have given me wisdom and power. And now You have made known to me what we have requested, for You have made known to us the dream of the king.”

Here: "You have made me know." A causative form of "know": God caused Daniel to know. This verb is the key word of the whole chapter; the king demanded that someone "make known" the dream.

Daniel 2:25 יְהוֹדַֽע׃ he will make known

Arioch hastily brought Daniel before the king and said to him, “I have found a man among the exiles from Judah who will tell the king the interpretation.”

Daniel 2:26 לְהוֹדָעֻתַ֛נִי to make known to me

The king responded to Daniel, whose name was Belteshazzar, “Are you able to tell me what I saw in the dream, as well as its interpretation?”

Daniel 2:28 וְהוֹדַ֗ע and he has made known

But there is a God in heaven who reveals mysteries, and He has made known to King Nebuchadnezzar what will happen in the latter days. Your dream and the visions that came into your mind as you lay on your bed were these:

Here: A causative form of 'to know', in the perfect: 'and he has caused to know'. God has already informed the king through the dream. Daniel only lays out what God has already given.

Daniel 2:29 הוֹדְעָ֖ךְ he has made known to you

As you lay on your bed, O king, your thoughts turned to the future, and the Revealer of Mysteries made known to you what will happen.

Daniel 2:30 יְהוֹדְע֔וּן תִּנְדַּֽע׃ they will make known, you will know

And to me this mystery has been revealed, not because I have more wisdom than any man alive, but in order that the interpretation might be made known to the king, and that you may understand the thoughts of your mind.

Daniel 2:45 הוֹדַ֣ע he has made known

And just as you saw a stone being cut out of the mountain without human hands, and it shattered the iron, bronze, clay, silver, and gold, so the great God has told the king what will happen in the future. The dream is true, and its interpretation is trustworthy.”

Here: "Has made known." This is the key verb of the chapter: the king demanded that someone "make known" the dream (2:5, 9, 25–26), and only God could (2:23, 28–29).

Daniel 3:18 יְדִ֥יעַ known

But even if He does not, let it be known to you, O king, that we will not serve your gods or worship the golden statue you have set up.”

Here: "Known", in a passive form: something made known to someone. It opens a stock phrase from royal paperwork, "be it known to the king".

Daniel 4:6 יְהֽוֹדְעֻנַּֽנִי׃ they will make known to me

So I issued a decree that all the wise men of Babylon be brought before me to interpret the dream for me.

Daniel 4:7 מְהוֹדְעִ֥ין [they were] making known

When the magicians, enchanters, astrologers, and diviners came in, I told them the dream, but they could not interpret it for me.

Daniel 4:9 יִדְעֵ֗ת I know

“O Belteshazzar, chief of the magicians, I know that the spirit of the holy gods is in you and that no mystery baffles you. So explain to me the visions I saw in my dream, and their interpretation.

Here: "I know". The verb form means "I have come to know", knowledge gained from experience. The reader thinks of chapter 2, where Daniel did what no Babylonian expert could do.

Daniel 4:17 יִנְדְּע֣וּן they will know

This decision is the decree of the watchers, the verdict declared by the holy ones, so that the living will know that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes, setting over it the lowliest of men.’

Here: "They may know": to recognise and acknowledge, not just to learn a fact. Being made to 'know' who is really sovereign echoes the Exodus and Ezekiel formula 'they shall know that I am the LORD'.

Daniel 4:18 לְהוֹדָ֣עֻתַ֔נִי to make known to me

This is the dream that I, King Nebuchadnezzar, saw. Now, Belteshazzar, tell me the interpretation, because none of the wise men of my kingdom can interpret it for me. But you are able, because the spirit of the holy gods is in you.”

Daniel 4:25 תִנְדַּ֗ע you will know

You will be driven away from mankind, and your dwelling will be with the beasts of the field. You will feed on grass like an ox and be drenched with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass you by, until you acknowledge that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes.

Here: "You come to know". This means recognising and acknowledging in practice. Nebuchadnezzar already had the information from Daniel in chapter 2.

Daniel 4:26 תִנְדַּ֔ע you will know

As for the command to leave the stump of the tree with its roots, your kingdom will be restored to you as soon as you acknowledge that Heaven rules.

Daniel 4:32 תִנְדַּ֗ע you will know

You will be driven away from mankind to live with the beasts of the field, and you will feed on grass like an ox. And seven times will pass you by, until you acknowledge that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes.”

Here: 'You come to know.' This is recognition learned by experience, ending in admission. The sentence ends when the king knows the truth for himself and says so, not when a fixed amount of suffering is used up.

Daniel 5:8 לְהוֹדָעָ֥ה to make known

So all the king’s wise men came in, but they could not read the inscription or interpret it for him.

Daniel 5:15 לְהוֹדָעֻתַ֑נִי to make known to me

Now the wise men and enchanters were brought before me to read this inscription and interpret it for me, but they could not give its interpretation.

Here: Causative 'to cause me to know.' The king wants to receive knowledge he cannot reach himself; the stress falls on 'me.'

Daniel 5:16 לְהוֹדָ֣עֻתַ֔נִי to make known to me

But I have heard about you, that you are able to give interpretations and solve difficult problems. Therefore, if you can read this inscription and give me its interpretation, you will be clothed in purple and have a gold chain placed around your neck, and you will be made the third highest ruler in the kingdom.”

Daniel 5:17 אֲהוֹדְעִנֵּֽהּ׃ I will make known to him

In response, Daniel said to the king, “You may keep your gifts for yourself and give your rewards to someone else. Nevertheless, I will read the inscription for the king and interpret it for him.

Daniel 5:21 יְדַ֗ע he knew

He was driven away from mankind, and his mind was like that of a beast. He lived with the wild donkeys and ate grass like an ox, and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven until he acknowledged that the Most High God rules over the kingdom of mankind, setting over it whom He wishes.

Here: Coming to recognize and admit a truth, not just picking up a fact. In the next verse Belshazzar is accused with the same verb: 'you knew all this' and did not humble yourself.

Daniel 5:22 יְדַֽעְתָּ׃ you knew

But you his son, O Belshazzar, have not humbled your heart, even though you knew all this.

Here: A completed action: 'you knew', 'you have known'. It picks up verse 21, where Nebuchadnezzar was humbled 'until he *knew* that the Most High God rules'. Nebuchadnezzar came to know and submitted. Belshazzar already knew and did not submit. In verse 23 the idols he praised are gods that 'do not *know*'.

Daniel 5:23 יָדְעִ֖ין [are] knowing

Instead, you have exalted yourself against the Lord of heaven. The vessels from His house were brought to you, and as you drank wine from them with your nobles, wives, and concubines, you praised your gods of silver and gold, bronze and iron, wood and stone, which cannot see or hear or understand. But you have failed to glorify the God who holds in His hand your very breath and all your ways.

Here: 'Knowing.' The idols know nothing, yet Belshazzar did know: 5:22 uses the same verb ('you knew all this'). The king who knew chose gods who do not.

Daniel 6:10 יְדַ֜ע he knew

Now when Daniel learned that the document had been signed, he went into his house, where the windows of his upper room opened toward Jerusalem, and three times a day he got down on his knees, prayed, and gave thanks to his God, just as he had done before.

Here: He knew or found out. The point is that he acted with full knowledge of the ban. He was not caught unawares.

Daniel 6:15 דַּ֤ע know

Then the men approached the king together and said to him, “Remember, O king, that by the law of the Medes and Persians no decree or ordinance established by the king can be changed.”

Here: "Know!" It is a bare command. Subjects telling their sovereign what he must recognise sounds pointed, almost a warning. Elsewhere courtiers use the softer formula "be it known to you" (3:18; Ezra 4:12–13).

Daniel 7:16 יְהוֹדְעִנַּֽנִי׃ he made known to me

I approached one of those who were standing there, and I asked him the true meaning of all this. So he told me the interpretation of these things:

Here: "He made known to me": a causative form of "to know." Daniel's knowledge is given to him from outside. The same verb is used again and again in chapters 2, 4 and 5 for revealing or making known an interpretation.